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303 inch SAA ("Small Arms Ammunition") cartridge, a change from the various rimless Mauser-design cartridges such as the 8mm Mauser round previously used by Czech designs. The magazine was curved in order to feed the rimmed. The major changes were in the magazine and barrel and the lower pistol grip assembly which went from a swivelling grip frame pivoted on the front of the trigger guard to a sliding grip frame which included the forward tripod mount and sliding ejection port cover. The design was modified to British requirements under new designation ZGB 33, which was then licensed for British manufacture under the Bren name. 26 which had been submitted for the trials. įollowing these trials, the British Army adopted the Czechoslovak ZB vz.26 light machine gun manufactured in Brno in 1935, although a slightly modified model, the ZB vz. The Vickers-Berthier was later adopted by the Indian Army because it could be manufactured at once, rather than wait for the British Lewis production run to finish it too saw extensive service in World War II. This time the weapons tested included the SIG Neuhausen KE7, the Vickers-Berthier and the Czechoslovak ZB vz.26. Various new models of light machine gun were tested as they became available, and in 1930, a further set of extensive trials commenced, overseen by Frederick Hubert Vinden. Although the BAR was recommended, the sheer number of Lewis guns available and the difficult financial conditions meant that nothing was done. In 1922, to find a replacement for the Lewis, the Small Arms Committee of the British Army ran competitive trials between the Madsen machine gun, the M1918 Browning Automatic Rifle (BAR), the Hotchkiss M1909 machine gun, the Beardmore-Farquhar rifle, and the Lewis itself. The Lewis, although lighter, was still heavy and was prone to frequent stoppages its barrel could not be changed in the field, which meant that sustained firing resulted in overheating until it stopped altogether. The Vickers was heavy and required a supply of water to keep it in operation, which tended to relegate it to static defence and indirect fire support. Ī Bren gunner of the Norwegian Brigade takes aim during training at Dumfries, Scotland, 27 June 1941.Īt the close of the First World War in 1918, the British Army was equipped with two main automatic weapons the Vickers medium machine gun (MMG) and the Lewis light machine gun. The Bren gun was manufactured by Indian Ordnance Factories as the "Gun Machine 7.62mm 1B" before it was discontinued in 2012. This was supplemented in the 1980s by the L86 Light Support Weapon firing the 5.56×45mm NATO round, leaving the Bren gun in use only as a pintle mount on some vehicles. It was replaced in the British Army as the section LMG by the L7 general-purpose machine gun (GPMG), a heavier belt-fed weapon. In the 1950s, many Bren guns were re-barrelled to accept the 7.62×51mm NATO cartridge and modified to feed from the magazine for the L1 (Commonwealth version of the FN FAL) rifle as the L4 light machine gun. The designer was Václav Holek, a gun inventor and design engineer. 26 was designed (in the Zbrojovka Brno Factory) and Enfield, site of the British Royal Small Arms Factory. The name Bren was derived from Brno, the Czechoslovak city in Moravia, where the Zb vz. The later Bren gun featured a distinctive top-mounted curved box magazine, conical flash hider, and quick change barrel. 26, which British Army officials had tested during a firearms service competition in the 1930s.
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The Bren gun was a licensed version of the Czechoslovak ZGB 33 light machine gun which, in turn, was a modified version of the ZB vz. Although fitted with a bipod, it could also be mounted on a tripod or be vehicle-mounted. While best known for its role as the British and Commonwealth forces' primary infantry LMG in World War II, it was also used in the Korean War and saw service throughout the latter half of the 20th century, including the 1982 Falklands War.
STEN MARK 2 EXPLODED VIEW SERIES
The Bren gun was a series of light machine guns (LMG) made by Britain in the 1930s and used in various roles until 1992.